«Развитие понятия «идентичность личности» в мировой психологии»

Abstract

The article examines the features of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "personality identity" in the works of foreign and domestic psychologists. Purpose of the research: to consider the process of development of the concept of “personality identity” in foreign and domestic psychology. To achieve this purpose, the following set of theoretical research methods was used: study and analysis of psychological literature on the topic of research, generalization and systematization of the material, which made it possible to characterize the main aspects and directions in which scientific research is being conducted. The paper analyzes a theoretical study, the hypothesis of which was the setting that approaches to determining the meaning of "personality identity" are associated with the specifics of prevailing opinions and views in science and society as a whole. The following conclusions were made: in the XX century. the concept of “identity” gained wide popularity in the USA and Europe thanks to E. Erickson, but in the USSR the concept was not given due attention, in particular, due to the spread of collectivist ideas, while abroad, identity was perceived as an individualistic category. After the collapse of the USSR, domestic scientists, together with foreign colleagues, were also able to contribute to the development of ideas about identity. Decades later, we can say that the concept passed a certain evolutionary path, as a result of which it passed from a purely individualistic category to a social one. Despite the number of approaches to defining the phenomenon of identity, it is possible to trace the general trends in the development of this concept in various psychological and social schools and approaches. Based on their analysis, it is possible to structurally identify the basic components of this scientific concept as one of the most important components for determining a psychologically healthy personality. A comprehensive analysis of the concept of identity will make it possible to more widely and reasonably apply it both in practical psychology and in psychological theory. The above determines the importance and relevance of our research.